“How the Earth was Formed” video notes Essay

speculation-sun was surrounded by a cloud of dissipate and gas-as cloud cooled little grains of minerals started forming-grains of minerals started bumping into each former(a)(Problem was nobody could apologize how these microscopic minerals formed a orbiter) Then in 2003 astronaut accept Pettit performed an experiment onboard the international space station. He put some flavor in a plastic bag and found that almost at a prison term the grains started gathering together into little clumps held together by static charge. -These mineral grains grew into small pieces of rock orbiting the sun -over the next few million age some of these rocks collided and grew bigger -when a rock grew to become round fractional a mile across, its gravitational absorb became strong enough to pull objects towards it. (The bigger the rock was the faster it grew because it had higher gravitational pull) -so that biggest rock finally grew to become the starting motor commonwealth -soon this sma ll planet grew to attract charge bigger objects that collided with its come, every impact only served to increase its size. -The conflicts were so ardent it only (lol) took about 30 million years for the planet to maturate to (approximately) its present size.Presently, the footing is separated into three layers A thin incrustation, and then a massive dense layer of rock called the mantle, and an exhort and nickel outcome. -So then this big rock became so hot that it melted and the denser materials drifted to the core while the lighter materials floated at the top -the heating up of fledgling earth could have been due to the incorporation of very hot radioactive elements. -The temperature of molten earth was now 2000 degrees, but at the edge of the planet the temperature of space was a constant -450 degrees, almost 2 thousand degrees colder. -So because of this the surface could not stay molten forever -then in about a million years the earth had its thin crust, but volc anoes heretofore erupted and meteorites still showered the surface Physicist Ernest Rutherford discovered that measuring radioactive decay could accurately prise the age of rocks. Soon after this rocks from around the globe were found to be billions of years old.The meteor that hit in the crater in genus Arizona landed with the force of a two-mega ton atomic bomb. The explosion vapourised mostof the meteorite, but individual fragments survive. Patterson took some samples, dated them, and found that they were around 4.5 billion years old. A recent study estimates the earth to be around 4 billion 567 million years old Theory of how the moon was formed (1974) in the early solar system in that respect were dozens of small planets chaotically orbiting the sun, one of them was on a collision course with earth. When it collided with the earth it blew some of its crustal/mantle rock off and in spite of appearance a few thousand years that debris formed the moon. (The other small planet was destroyed in the collision.) Rocks at Porpoise Cove in Canada ar highly altered deformed volcanic lavas called amphibolite. They argon 4.28 billion years old, 200 million years older than any rocks so andmost discovered and the closest anyone has come to earths original crust.These amphibolites distribute us clues about the thickness of the earths early crust. ONeill has found minerals that are unusual and can only form chthonic high temperatures and pressures which proves that these rocks formed at least 12 miles into the crust of the earth, which tells us that just over 4 billion years ago the earths crust was about 12 miles thick. The chemical signature of amphibolite indicates that 4 billion years ago, earth had both a solid crust and oceans. (because amphibolite is similar to the ocean floor or something like that) Banded iron formations made up of alternating light layers of silica and dark bands all-encompassing of a mineral called magnetite. These bands full of mag netite only form underwater, further proving that oceans existed 4 billion years ago.How water came to be on earth Grains of table salt found in meteorites that fell to earth restrain tiny droplets of water. Over the billions of years in which the earth was formed, these droplets added up and became the oceans, etcetera 3.5 billion years ago there was no oxygen, the air was a mixture of sulfur, methane, carbon dioxide, and sulfuric acid. But primitive life forms did exist, the fossilise remains of coral like structures have been found in rocks that are of that age. They are called stromatolites. They are made up of billions of microbes called cyanobacteria, which produce oxygen. At this time oxygen was poisonous to other life forms, which used sulfur to find energy. Over time there was enough cyanobacteria to produce one million million million of tons of oxygen, creating the atmosphere we breathe today. Over 100s of millions of years, decaying plant matter build up compressed layers, which eventually formed all the coal, oil, and gas deposits on the planet.Sedimentary rocks like limestone and chalk are largely made from the skeletons of oceanic animals, which accumulated at the bottom of shallow seas.